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Russia – Railways
Third largest in size, after
the United States and China, the Russian railway network expands over 85,200
kilometers, of which 43,300 kilometers are electrified. The fleet of the
rolling stock comprises 11,100 freight locomotives (diesel and electric), 6,100
diesel switching locomotives and 3,100 passenger locomotives (diesel and
electric). The number of freight railcars is estimated at 1,218,169 in 2015.
A considerable portion of the rolling stock is outdated and is in need of
either decommissioning or renewal.
The majority of the country’s rail
infrastructure network and the locomotive fleets are owned by OAO Russian
Railways (RZD), a state-owned-enterprise, operating freight and passenger
railway services. Supported and funded by the Russian government, RZD has
been pursuing a comprehensive reform process since 2001, to achieve greater
efficiency and competitive advantage in the domestic and global markets.
Besides RZD, the Russian railway complex also
comprises operations of private rail companies and industrial enterprises that
have their own fleets of locomotives and railcars, and their own networks of
rail tracks.
Unit: USD thousands
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2014
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2015
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2016
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2017 (Estimated)
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Total Local Production
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6,593,382
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4,596,523
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4,729,822
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4,866,513
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Total Exports
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776,937
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569,172
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548,113
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527,833
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Total Imports
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1,732,717
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420,052
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432,653
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445,286
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Imports from the US
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2% (35,591)
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3.2% (13,524)
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3.2% (13,928)
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3.2% (14,249)
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Total Market Size
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7,549,162
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4,447,403
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4,614,362
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4,783,966
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Exchange Rates
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$1=55 RUB
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$1=65 RUB
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$1=66.50 RUB
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$1=58 RUB
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(total market size = (total local production +
imports) - exports)
Data Sources:
- Local production for 2014-2015
- are drawn (and recalculated into USD) from the data provided by the Russian
Institute of Natural Monopolies Research (IPEM) under the code 35.20 of
the All-Russian Classifier of Economic Activity (OKVED) – “production of
railway rolling stock”.
- Local production estimates for
2016-2017 – are based upon the forecasted 2.9% average annual growth in
the segment of locomotive production, as inferred from the Prognosis of
the Social and Economic Development of the Russian Federation for 2016 and
the planned period of 2017-2018 (released in October 2015 by the Russian
Ministry of Economic Development).
- Total exports and imports for
2014-2015 (including imports from the U.S.) - are based upon the Global
Trade Atlas figures under Chapter 86 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule
(HTS) – “railway or tramway locomotives, rolling stock, track fixtures and
fittings, and parts thereof”.]
- The 2016-2017 estimates for
total exports and imports for 2014-2015 (including imports from the U.S.)
– are based upon the forecasts made by the RF Ministry of Economic
Development referenced above. These forecasts indicate a drop of 3.7% in
average annual exports for 2016 and an increase of 2.9% in 2017. The
average annual imports will grow by 3% in 2016 and 3.6% in 2017.
standards.
Leading Sub-Sectors
Although the Russian rail
market is well-developed and mature, the sheer size of it continues to attract
potential suppliers – whether currently present or new-to-market – as the
potential for new opportunities makes it well worth the extra effort. In
particular, new and innovative components, featuring unique designs bringing
greater efficiency and safety will continue gaining attention and interest,
particularly those for which no Russian analogues currently exist.
The Russian rail industry has a strong
preference for technologies that advance the following priorities:
- Development of existing and
introduction of new technology platforms;
- Improvement of energy
efficiency and introduction of resource-saving technologies;
- Creation of modern transport
and logistics systems, including high speed and express ones;
- Development of intelligent
traffic control systems based on modern digital telecommunication and
satellite technologies and specialized management information
systems;
- Radical renewal of rolling
stock and infrastructure, bringing them in line with international
standards.
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